Memory disorders, dementia and depression

I’m worried about my memory – do I have dementia?

If you are finding it hard to remember things and you are getting older, you may be worried that there is something serious wrong with you and that these memory problems may be the first signs of dementia.

But in fact we all have lapses of memory sometimes. We have all asked ourselves where we left our glasses, what on earth our neighbour told us this morning, or just what we were about to do.

On the other hand, if you keep forgetting things, it is worth seeing your doctor. They will take you seriously and assess why you are having problems with your memory.

Memory problems don’t always mean dementia

One cause of memory problems is indeed dementia, but there are many other possible reasons: people experiencing depression, anxiety or stress for example often find it hard to remember things.

It is also possible that your memory problems are a symptom of an infection, underactive thyroid, vitamin deficiency, a side effect of medication, or another condition.

Your doctor will want to eliminate all of these conditions before diagnosing dementia, and in particular they will want to rule out depression because problems with memory, concentration, sleep and communicating your feelings – as well as changes in your behaviour – can appear very similar in both dementia and depression.

There are, however, some important differences between depression and dementia that can help with a diagnosis: depression tends to develop over weeks or months, while dementia’s progress is usually slower; people with dementia often struggle with speech, reasoning and where they are in time and space, but this is rare in people with depression; people with depression can usually remember when prompted, unlike people with dementia; the reasoning and memory problems associated with depression go when the depression does, but is a permanent and increasing feature of dementia.

Dementia and depression

If you are diagnosed with dementia, you may feel worried about your memory and what will happen. Many people in the early stages of dementia experience depression or anxiety, and this can make it even harder for you to remember things and to participate in life.

Depression can affect someone with dementia at any stage of the disease and can increase symptoms such as aggression, sleeping or eating problems.

Whether your dementia is newly diagnosed or you have been living with it for a while, if you experience symptoms of depression you should seek help from your doctor because with treatment your depression will lift and you will be better able to cope with your dementia.

Case story

A 73-year-old female patient was referred to Dr Winbow by her GP with increasing memory loss, particularly affecting her immediate and short-term memory, with some disorientation for time, place and person.  She had become increasingly forgetful over the last two years and her neighbours were increasingly concerned that she was under-functioning at home and could not look after herself.

Following a variety of blood tests as well as an MRI scan of the brain to exclude any reversible cause for her memory loss, she was diagnosed as having Alzheimer’s disease.

It was arranged for her to have additional support in the home.  Dr Winbow prescribed Donepezil, a helpful drug for memory loss.  She functioned much better in the community following these interventions and she has been seen every six months in the outpatient clinic to review her memory and functioning.

More sources of information and help

Alzheimer’s Society

Dementia UK

The Royal College of Psychiatrists

 

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